What does anaphylaxis refer to?

Anaphylaxis refers to a severe allergic reaction that can occur rapidly and can be life-threatening. This extreme response typically happens when the immune system overreacts to a substance, known as an allergen, which could be a food (like nuts or shellfish), insect stings, medications, or latex. During anaphylaxis, the body releases a flood of chemicals that can result in symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat and tongue, a rapid drop in blood pressure, and loss of consciousness.

Immediate treatment is crucial in cases of anaphylaxis, often requiring the administration of epinephrine to counteract the symptoms and stabilize the individual. This stark distinction from mild allergic reactions is important; while mild reactions may produce itching, hives, or minor swelling, they do not pose an immediate risk of death, unlike anaphylaxis. Recognizing the severity of anaphylaxis is essential for prompt and effective first aid intervention.